L-Lysine production from glucose and chitin monomers using engineered Vibrio natriegens

Despite its industrial importance, microbial L-lysine production has largely been confined to classical producer strains, leaving the fast-growing, non-pathogenic marine microorganism V. natriegens largely untapped as an unconventional biosynthetic platform. In this work, we established an L-lysine-overproducing V. natriegens DSM759 strain through a step-wise, systematic rational engineering strategy targeting the native biosynthetic pathway. Guided by our prior systems-level analysis of the strain’s genetic and regulatory architecture, we identified key metabolic bottlenecks and implemented knowledge-driven interventions to relieve pathway constraints. Central to production was alleviation of feedback inhibition in the native key regulatory enzymes, aspartate kinase (AK, lysC ) and dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHDPS, dapA ). Site-directed amino-acid substitutions, replicating established E. coli feedback-resistance mechanisms, were introduced into conserved regions of the V. natriegens DSM759 enzymes, producing L-lysine-insensitive variants with kinetic parameters comparable to that of corresponding wild type enzymes. Among the tested configurations, the strain co-expressing Vn.lysC2 and Vn.dapA1:E84T reached the highest L-lysine titer (9.0±0.6 mM) and yield (0.11±0.01 mol _Lys mol _Glc ^-1 ), whereas overexpression of additional L-lysine pathway genes provided no further benefit. Leveraging the host’s metabolic versatility, L-lysine synthesis was also demonstrated from the chitin-derived amino-sugar N-acetylglucosamine (0.09±0.00 mol _Lys mol _GlcNAc ^-1 ), highlighting the potential to valorize chitin-rich waste streams from the seafood industry. This work establishes a minimal, rational strategy for L-lysine biosynthesis in V. natriegens DSM759 and positions it as a promising platform for sustainable amino acid production.