Relationship between tree cover and tree diversity in urban parks in a semiarid city in Mexico

Trees play a crucial role in urban parks and contribute significantly to ecosystem services. However, their composition is often dominated by introduced species, which can reduce potential environmental benefits. This study assessed tree cover density, species diversity, and indirect carbon sequestration in three urban parks in San Luis Potosí, serving as a case study for a semi-arid city. The data was obtained from randomly selected sampling sites. Morphometric characteristics and carbon storage were analyzed using the i-Tree program, while species diversity was evaluated through the Shannon and Simpson indices using RStudio™. Results showed that tree cover in all parks was below 50%, with fewer than four species making up most of the population. Of the total species identified, 60% were non-native and 40% native. The average values for the Shannon and Simpson indices were 2.2 and 0.8, respectively. This information can support informed decision-making for reforestation strategies aimed at enhancing tree density, increasing biodiversity, and maximizing the ecological functions of urban parks.