Angiotensin-(3-4) modulates the overweight- and undernutrition-induced ACE2 downregulation in renal proximal tubule cells: implications for COVID-19?
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Abstract
Aim: The renal lesions–including severe acute kidney injury–are severe outcomes in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections. There are no reports regarding the influence of the nutritional status on the severity and progress of these lesions. Ageing is also an important risk factor. Methods: In the present study we compared the influence of overweight and undernutrition on the levels of renal angiotensin converting enzymes 1 and 2 (ACE and ACE2), which were evaluated by Western blotting. Since the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) has been implicated in the progress of kidney failure during coronavirus disease 2019, the influence of Angiotensin-(3-4) [Ang-(3-4)] was investigated. Ang-(3-4) is the shortest angiotensin-derived peptide, which is considered the physiological antagonist of several Ang II effects. Results: Both overweight and undernutrition downregulate the levels of ACE2 without influence on the levels of ACE in proximal tubules from kidney rats. Administration of Ang-(3-4) upregulates ACE2 to levels above the control in overweight but not in undernourished rats. Conclusions: Chronic undernourishment and overnourishment conditions play a central role in the renal ACE/ACE2 balance, and that the role of RAAS is also different in overweight and undernutrition.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2020.06.29.178293: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement IACUC: The protocols were approved by the Committee for Ethics in Animal Experimentation from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (#101/16 and #012/19). Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable Male Wistar rats were fed: (i) with the RBD from weaning (28 days of age) until 90 days of age; (ii): with the HL diet from 56 to 162 days of age. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains Sentences Resources Male Wistar rats were fed: (i) with the RBD from weaning (28 days of age) until 90 days of age; (ii): with the HL diet from 56 to 162 days of age. Wistarsuggested: NoneResults from OddPub: We …
SciScore for 10.1101/2020.06.29.178293: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement IACUC: The protocols were approved by the Committee for Ethics in Animal Experimentation from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (#101/16 and #012/19). Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable Male Wistar rats were fed: (i) with the RBD from weaning (28 days of age) until 90 days of age; (ii): with the HL diet from 56 to 162 days of age. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains Sentences Resources Male Wistar rats were fed: (i) with the RBD from weaning (28 days of age) until 90 days of age; (ii): with the HL diet from 56 to 162 days of age. Wistarsuggested: NoneResults from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We found bar graphs of continuous data. We recommend replacing bar graphs with more informative graphics, as many different datasets can lead to the same bar graph. The actual data may suggest different conclusions from the summary statistics. For more information, please see Weissgerber et al (2015).
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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