Self-Regulated Learning and Self-Efficacy Among Homeschooled Students: A Systematic Review

Self-regulated learning and self-efficacy are fundamental competencies for academic success, yet their development in homeschooling contexts remains understudied despite growing enrollment in home education. This systematic review synthesized research examining these critical learning competencies among homeschooled students. We identified 23 studies (6,312 participants) meeting inclusion criteria. Results revealed that homeschooled students generally reported moderate to high levels of self-regulated learning and self-efficacy. Comparative studies suggested possible advantages for homeschooled students in autonomy and academic self-efficacy, with broadly similar outcomes in other domains. However, the non-causal nature of the studies precludes conclusions on whether and how homeschooling influences these outcomes.