Comparison of Cardiorespiratory Effects of Two Balanced Anesthesia Protocols in Baboons (Papio hamadryas) Undergoing Laparoscopic Salpingectomy

Laparoscopic salpingectomy is a minimally invasive surgery that requires careful anesthetic management due to the effects of intra-abdominal gas insufflation. In this retrospective study, baboons (Papio hamadryas) were treated with two induction protocols: medetomidine–ketamine (MK; n = 16) and medetomidine–tiletamine–zolazepam (MZ; n = 12) via intramuscular injection. A laryngeal mask (LMA) was used for airway management and anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. For statistical analysis, the following parameters were analyzed via two-way ANOVA: heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure (SAP, DAP, and MAP), end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2), and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) recorded five minutes before pneumoperitoneum (PREP), after abdominal insufflation (PP1), at 10 (PP2) and 20 (PP3) minutes post-insufflation, and 5 min after pneumoperitoneum interruption (POSTP). HR and RR were statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the MK group compared to the MZ group at all time points of the study. EtCO2 was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the MZ group at PP2, PP3, and POSTP time points. The incidence of hypotension was significantly greater in the MZ group (45.5%) compared to the MK group (6.25%). Hypercapnia was observed in all baboons sedated with the MZ protocol compared to 12.5% of the MK group. As a result, the MK protocol provided greater cardiorespiratory stability during laparoscopic surgery.