Clinical and Virological Features of Patients Hospitalized with Different Types of COVID-19 Vaccination in Mexico City

  1. Alejandra Hernández-Terán
  2. Pamela Garcíadiego-Fossas
  3. Marco Villanueva-Reza
  4. Celia Boukadida
  5. Blanca Taboada
  6. Eduardo Porras
  7. Victor Ahumada-Topete
  8. Kathia Elizabeth Tapia-Diaz
  9. Margarita Matías-Florentino
  10. Marissa Pérez-García
  11. Santiago Ávila-Ríos
  12. Fidencio Mejía-Nepomuceno
  13. Ricardo Serna-Muñoz
  14. Fortunato Juárez-Hernández
  15. María Eugenia Jiménez-Corona
  16. Eduardo Becerril-Vargas
  17. Omar Barreto
  18. Jose Arturo Martínez-Orozco
  19. Rogelio Pérez-Padilla
  20. Carlos F. Arias
  21. Joel Armando Vázquez-Pérez

Reviewed by

Read the full article See related articles

Listed in

Log in to save this article

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines effectively protect against severe disease and death. However, the impact of the vaccine used, viral variants, and host factors on disease severity remain poorly understood. This work aimed to compare COVID-19 clinical presentations and outcomes in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients in Mexico City. From March to September 2021, clinical, demographic characteristics, and viral variants were obtained from 1014 individuals with a documented SARS-CoV-2 infection. We compared unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated patients, stratifying by age groups. We also fitted multivariate statistical models to evaluate the impact of vaccination status, SARS-CoV-2 lineages, vaccine types, and clinical parameters. Most hospitalized patients were unvaccinated. In patients over 61 years old, mortality was significantly higher in unvaccinated compared to fully vaccinated individuals. In patients aged 31 to 60 years, vaccinated patients were more likely to be outpatients (46%) than unvaccinated individuals (6.1%). We found immune disease and age above 61 years old to be risk factors, while full vaccination was found to be the most protective factor against in-hospital death. This study suggests that vaccination is essential to reduce mortality in a comorbid population such as that of Mexico.

Article activity feed

  1. Version published to 10.3390/vaccines10081181
  2. ScreenIT

    SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274772: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    EthicsIRB: This study was reviewed and approved by the Science, Biosecurity, and Bioethics Committee of the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades
    Consent: In addition, the Institution requested informed consent for the recovery, storage, and use of biological remnants for research purposes.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    Sequences were obtained by capillary electrophoresis using an ABI Prism 3500 Genetic Analyzer (Life Technologies) and were assembled using MEGA 10.0 [19].
    MEGA
    suggested: (Mega BLAST, RRID:SCR_011920)
    Sequence alignments were created with MAFFT V7 [20] and edited with MEGA 10.0.
    MAFFT
    suggested: (MAFFT, RRID:SCR_011811)
    Edition of the trees was made using FigTree [21].
    FigTree
    suggested: (FigTree, RRID:SCR_008515)
    All statistical analyses were performed using R v4.0.2 in RStudio v1.3.1 [24] and the packages ggplot2 (v3.3.3) [25], stats (v3.6.2) [24], survival (v3.2.13) [26], and survminer (v0.4.9) [27].
    RStudio
    suggested: (RStudio, RRID:SCR_000432)
    We used stacked bar plots, density plots, pie charts, or heatmaps constructed in the ggplot2 package to represent data proportion.
    ggplot2
    suggested: (ggplot2, RRID:SCR_014601)

    Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No funding statement was detected.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  3. Version published to 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274772v2 on medRxiv
  4. Version published to 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274772v1 on medRxiv