Emerging Risks in the Fintech-Driven Digital Banking Environment: A Bibliometric Review of China and India

The digital revolution is transforming the financial services sector. Risk is not static; emerging risks continue to pose threats to the financial services sector which influences financial stability and consumer protection regulation mandates. This novel study presents a comparative bibliometric analysis of China and India in examining the effect of trends on the scholarly research outputs discussing the emerging risks in the fintech-driven digital banking environment. Furthermore, the mapping presents the geographical dynamics of Asia, followed by country-level perspectives. The period of study was from 2015 to 2024. Leveraging the Scopus database, data was extracted based on a specified query using the SPAR 4 SLR protocol. Analysis was performed on 162 articles from an initial list of 1257 articles using Scival and Vos viewer tools. Performance indicator metrics and science mapping enabled the answering of research questions. The findings revealed that research output is inclined towards India rather than China; this is despite China domiciling some big tech firms. Comparatively, India dominates when it comes to performance analysis metrics compared to China. The scientific mapping depicted in both countries shows the multifaceted effects of fintech on banking, including trends in user acceptance, competition, emerging risks, technological innovation, and financial stability. The strong connections in both countries across clusters highlight how fintech research is multi-disciplinary, spanning consumer behavior, finance, economics, and financial technology. This study provides a foundation on which a robust risk management framework, which is customized to digital banking existence, can be developed in the face of emerging risks.