Modeling and Analysis of Key Factors Influencing Water Mist Fire Suppression Efficiency

Existing experimental findings often prove insufficient for guiding the design of water mist fire extinguishing systems, primarily due to the multitude of interacting factors that influence extinguishing performance. This paper systematically synthesizes these factors and delineates their logical interrelationships based on the extinguishing mechanisms of water mist and a review of the existing literature. The analysis focuses on direct influencing factors by modeling the motion, heat transfer and mass transfer of water mist within the flame zone. The results indicate that, when the influence of the fire flame is negligible, the required velocity and droplet diameter of water mist entering the zone can be determined based on the flame temperature differential and flame height. When plume effects are significant, water mist predominantly enters the flame zone from the top and periphery. Under such conditions, determining the mist velocity and diameter should aim to maximize the total heat absorption power of droplets entering via these two pathways. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the design of a water mist fire extinguishing system.