Bioprospecting the Endophytic Fungus, Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMPI, for the Integrated Production of Mycoprotein and Exocellular (1→6)-β-Glucan

In response to the growing demand for alternative protein sources and functional biomolecules for industrial applications, this study investigated the production of mycoprotein and extracellular (1→6)-β-D-glucan (lasiodiplodan) by the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMPI, establishing an integrated biotechnological platform. Soybean molasses were evaluated as a low-cost fermentation substrate and compared to a sucrose-based medium. The experimental design and response surface methodology defined conditions that maximized mycelial biomass and lasiodiplodan production. Mycelial biomass from soybean molasses was rich in essential amino acids, lipids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids like gamma-linolenic and alpha-linolenic acids, while sucrose favored higher lasiodiplodan production. Antioxidant compounds like gallic acid and catechin were also found in the biomass, showing potential for scavenging free radicals. Soybean molasses promoted lipid-rich biomass, suggesting L. theobromae MMPI’s potential for biofuel production. This study highlights the fungus’ utility in producing mycoproteins, lipids, and lasiodiplodan for food, animal feed, and industrial uses.