Evaluation of the Intensity of Heat and Mass Transfer Processes in Cavitation Environments

This study investigates the impact of cavitation phenomena on heat and mass transfer in working fluids. To quantify the intensity of transport processes within cavitation bubble clusters, a numerical analysis of bubble dynamics was carried out with explicit consideration of fluid compressibility. The results demonstrate that physicochemical transformations induced by cavitation are governed not only by shock waves and pressure pulses generated during bubble collapse, but also by extreme thermal effects arising within collapsing cavitation clouds. Under conditions of maximum bubble compression, the vapor inside the bubbles and the surrounding liquid may undergo a transition to a supercritical state. The developed model elucidates the structure of microflows in the interbubble region and provides a quantitative evaluation of local velocity, pressure, and heat flux fields. The systematic assessment of cavitation-enhanced heat and mass transfer offers valuable insights for the advancement of conventional heat and mass transfer technologies and the design of innovative devices in mechanical and chemical engineering.