Voltage Tunable Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton Waveguide Loaded with Ferroelectric Resonators

A real-time tunable planar plasmonic waveguide based on a voltage-adjustable ferroelectric resonator is designed and investigated. The laminated ferroelectric compound resonator is composed of a ferroelectric Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.9Ti0.1O3 (BCZT) layer, a PCB layer, as well as a localized spoof plasmonic metal layer, where the BCZT layer is beneficial for enhancing the voltage tunability in the spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) waveguide. The simulated results show that the tuning range of the notch in the transmission curve, generated by the coupling between the ferroelectric compound resonator and the plasmonic waveguide, can achieve a variation of up to 8.8% thanks to the large tunability value in the BCZT ferroelectric layer. In addition, the notches consist of Fano resonant frequencies, the generation mechanism of which is elaborately discussed in terms of the temporal coupled mode theory.