Circuitous Ways of EWS::FLI1 Using Circular RNA ZNF609 to Evade Translational Repression by miR-145 in Ewing’s Sarcoma

Background: Ewing’s sarcoma (EwS) is a pediatric bone and soft tissue cancer driven by the oncogenic fusion protein EWS::FLI1. Currently, EwS lacks targeted therapies, necessitating the identification of novel regulatory mechanisms. While the role of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs has been explored in EwS, the presence and functional significance of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in EwS is not reported. This is the first study to report the presence and role of oncogenic circRNA, circZNF609 in EwS tumor progression. Methods: Expression of circZNF609 was validated in 5 different EwS cell lines using qPCR. Cellular localization of circZNF609 was identified using circFISH. Functional assays for proliferation, migration and apoptosis were performed in wild type and circZNF609 knocked down (KD) cell lines to confirm its oncogenic role. The impact of circZNF609 on EWS::FLI1 protein levels was confirmed using western blots, immunofluorescence, and polysome fractionation. Mechanistic insights were gained utilizing bioinformatic, dual-luciferase reporter assays, rescue experiments, and microscopy to identify and validate the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axis. Results: We report the first identification of circZNF609 in EwS, demonstrating that its expression is EWS::FLI1-dependent. Functional analysis reveals that circZNF609 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis while inhibiting apoptosis. Mechanistically, circZNF609 acts as a molecular sponge for miR-145-5p. By sequestering this miRNA, circZNF609 prevents the translational repression of EWS::FLI1, thereby sustaining oncogenic signaling. Conclusions: These findings identify circZNF609 as a novel post-transcriptional regulator of EWS::FLI1 and establish its critical role in EwS pathogenesis. Our results suggest that targeting the circZNF609/miR-145-5p/EWS::FLI1 axis may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for EwS.