ACE2 Expression in Kidney and Testis May Cause Kidney and Testis Infection in COVID-19 Patients
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Abstract
In December 2019, a new type of pneumonia caused by SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan and has been discovered in many countries around the world. ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) has been shown to be one of the major receptors that mediate the entry of SARS-Cov-2 into human cells. Here in this study, we used the online datasets to analyze ACE2 expression in different human organs. The results indicated that ACE2 highly expresses in renal tubular cells, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and cells in seminiferous ducts in testis. Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (RBD) domain and ACE2 of RPTEC/SerC cell-binding assays confirmed that SARS-Cov-2 can bind to ACE2 on the surface of these cells. Our results suggest that ACE2 expression could contribute to kidney and testis infection after COVID-19 infection. Renal function evaluation and special care should be performed during clinical work. Clinicians should also pay attention to the risk of testicular lesions in patients during hospitalization and later clinical follow-up, especially the assessment and appropriate intervention in young patients' fertility.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2020.02.12.20022418: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources We used RNA and protein expression data of ACE2 in different human tissues and cancer cell lines through The Human Protein Atlas portal (Website: http://www.proteinatlas.org/) [15], GTEx portal (Website: https://gtexportal.org) and The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) [16]. Websitesuggested: (CoMeTa Website, RRID:SCR_017357)http://www.proteinatlas.org/suggested: (HPA, RRID:SCR_006710)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. …
SciScore for 10.1101/2020.02.12.20022418: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources We used RNA and protein expression data of ACE2 in different human tissues and cancer cell lines through The Human Protein Atlas portal (Website: http://www.proteinatlas.org/) [15], GTEx portal (Website: https://gtexportal.org) and The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) [16]. Websitesuggested: (CoMeTa Website, RRID:SCR_017357)http://www.proteinatlas.org/suggested: (HPA, RRID:SCR_006710)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2020.02.12.20022418: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable This arouses our interest in whether coronavirus infection will affect the urinary and male reproductive systems . Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources We used RNA and protein expression data of ACE2 in different human tissues and cancer cell lines through The Human Protein Atlas portal ( Website: http://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) [ 15] Websitesuggested: (CoMeTa Website, SCR_017357)<div style="margin-bottom:8px"> <div><b>http://www.proteinatlas.org/</b><…SciScore for 10.1101/2020.02.12.20022418: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable This arouses our interest in whether coronavirus infection will affect the urinary and male reproductive systems . Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources We used RNA and protein expression data of ACE2 in different human tissues and cancer cell lines through The Human Protein Atlas portal ( Website: http://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) [ 15] Websitesuggested: (CoMeTa Website, SCR_017357)<div style="margin-bottom:8px"> <div><b>http://www.proteinatlas.org/</b></div> <div>suggested: (HPA, <a href="https://scicrunch.org/resources/Any/search?q=SCR_006710">SCR_006710</a>)</div> </div> </td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">To further assess the cell type specific expression of ACE2 and confirm ACE2 expression level in kidney , we downloaded the gene expression data of single-cell RNA sequencing of human kidney from Gene Expression Omnibus ( GEO ) datasets .</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"> <div style="margin-bottom:8px"> <div><b>Gene Expression Omnibus</b></div> <div>suggested: (Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), <a href="https://scicrunch.org/resources/Any/search?q=SCR_005012">SCR_005012</a>)</div> </div> </td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Lancet , 2020 . Gralinski , L . E . and V . D . Menachery , Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV .</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"> <div style="margin-bottom:8px"> <div><b>Coronavirus</b></div> <div>suggested: (NIAID Overview of Coronaviruses, <a href="https://scicrunch.org/resources/Any/search?q=SCR_018290">SCR_018290</a>)</div> </div> </td></tr></table>Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
About SciScore
SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore is not a substitute for expert review. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers) in the manuscript, and detects sentences that appear to be missing RRIDs. SciScore also checks to make sure that rigor criteria are addressed by authors. It does this by detecting sentences that discuss criteria such as blinding or power analysis. SciScore does not guarantee that the rigor criteria that it detects are appropriate for the particular study. Instead it assists authors, editors, and reviewers by drawing attention to sections of the manuscript that contain or should contain various rigor criteria and key resources. For details on the results shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.
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