Potentiality of Metal Nanoparticles in Precision and Sustainable Agriculture

The world’s increasing population has a higher demand for food and a suitable environment. However, using conventional farming methods and industrial agrochemicals leads to environmental risk, which is a significant threat for the next generation. So, nanotechnology can be a blessing for saving our environment and producing risk-free foods at minimal cost in an eco-friendly way. Nanoparticles (NPs) used as nanopesticides, nanofertilizers, nanosensors, nanopriming agents, and other applications in agriculture can help mitigate issues such as high production costs, excessive pesticide and fertilizer requirements, soil depletion, and various biotic and abiotic challenges. A variety of important information from different research findings on metal nanoparticles, their characteristics, the synthesis process, and their roles in precision and sustainable agriculture are included in this article. This literature review discusses the benefits of metal nanoparticles on plant growth and development, the ease of green nanoparticle production over chemical and physical approaches, and the effects of metal nanoparticles on agriculture. Future perspectives for metal nanoparticles are also covered in this article based on these impacts. Metal nanoparticles, used as biosensors and seed-priming materials, can contribute to seed germination even in adverse conditions. So, overall, this review article discusses the potentiality of using metal nanoparticles in lieu of inorganic agrochemicals and their possible contribution to precision and sustainable agriculture.