Cross-Country Comparison of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in European Companies and Its Determinants

EU contends that AI offers substantial opportunities to address social challenges such as sustainable development and gender balance. The aim of this paper is identify patterns of behaviour by EU countries in terms of integration of AI into production processes, based on the number of companies that use AI, and distinguishing by sector and company size. Also, it analyses the association between economic development and innovation factors in the EU-27, on the one hand, and the degree of AI use, on the other. Based on a cluster analysis of EU-27 countries' use of AI, Europe can be divided into three groups representing different speeds of digital development. The dominant countries in the field of AI are Denmark and Finland, and those dedicated to ICT also predominate in this regard. Thus, the conclusion drawn is that AI has the potential to contribute to the wealth, productivity and innovation of European countries.