Review, Evolution, and Theoretical Implications of the Utility Concept

This article reviews the evolution of the concept of utility in economics, with particular attention to forms of utility that cannot be traced exclusively to the material results of choices. After examining the main theoretical approaches – from utility as preference to utility as subjective satisfaction – the contribution focuses on procedural utility, i.e., the utility derived from the way decisions are made and interactions occur. A classification of this form of utility is proposed in the following areas: individual, relating to autonomy and self-determination; interpersonal, linked to the quality of social relations; and institutional, connected to participation and recognition. Finally, the potential for integration between welfare economics and communicative action theory is discussed to extend economic reflection to dimensions often neglected but central to the well-being of individuals.