Climate and Environmental Changes: Reflections and Prospects for the Future of the Mediterranean Area — Food Security and Climate Change: Agricultural Considerations

The Mediterranean region, renowned for its rich biodiversity and complex interplay of cultures, faces significant challenges due to climate change, population growth, and socio-economic shifts. The region's agricultural system, integral to its economy and food security, must adapt to meet the demands of a growing population while preserving environmental sustainability. This paper explores the main threats to Mediterranean agri-food systems, such as unsustainable practices, water scarcity, and soil degradation, and emphasizes the need for collective strategies to build resilience. The analysis includes three case studies from the Mediterranean area, that illustrate diverse approaches to sustainable agricultural development and adaptation, highlighting both shared challenges and innovative solutions.