The Role of Mirror Neurons and Affective-Sensory-Motor Synchrony Between Mother and Baby in the Pathophysiology of Some Forms of Developmental Dysphasia in Children

This paper proposes a new pathophysiological approach to developmental languagedisorders in childhood, focusing on the function of mirror neurons and the formation ofthe "secondary self" through affective-motor synchrony between mother and baby.Based on the analysis of a clinical case of expressive phonological-syntactic dysphasiawith specific anomia for compound nouns, the limitations of classic lesionalneurological models and the need for a psychiatric and functional interpretation arediscussed. Mirror neuron deficiency compromises internal language, working memory,sensory-motor feedback, and consequently, the construction of semantics, concepts,and the lexicon. The model is articulated with the classifications of Rapin, Crosson,Christophe, Loic, and Gérard, culminating in a therapeutic proposal based onpsychiatric pathophysiology and Vygotsky's historical-cultural theory. The role ofpsychiatry in the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders, traditionally relegated toneurology and speech-language pathology, is emphasized.