NGOs’ Endeavours in Mis- and Disinformation Combat and Literacy Enhancement: A Case Study of Faktabaari

This study examines the role of Faktabaari, a Finnish fact-checking non-governmental organization (NGO), in addressing mis- and disinformation and promoting digital information literacy. Using qualitative content analysis of Faktabaari's Digital Information Literacy Guide, we explore its discussion of mis- and disinformation issues and impact, its construction for digital information literacy, and the role of NGOs in enhancing digital information literacy. Findings reveal Faktabaari’s emphasis on practical approaches to information evaluation, digital competence, and the societal impact of disinformation, highlighting its contributions to knowledge dissemination and advocacy. However, it lacks attention to generative artificial intelligence (AI) challenges and a structured conceptual framework for digital literacy. This research underscores the value of NGO-led efforts in enhancing public digital literacy and civic engagement, offering insights into their potential to address disinformation challenges beyond national borders.