Learning from public health emergencies for solar geoengineering governance: the filter and the countermeasure

Fitzgerald and colleagues draw lessons from medical research ethics to guide climate engineering governance. We extend their strategy to learning from the use of experimental interventions in emergencies: governance of a permanent research process to develop, refine, or reject experimental interventions (“the filter”) should be articulated alongside temporary emergency use authorization of those interventions against climate threats, outside the research process, when no reasonable alternatives exist (“the countermeasure”).