ADVANCED ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING TECHNOLOGIES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF ACDC SYSTEMS, CONNECTOR STANDARDS, AND SMART GRID INTEGRATION VIA ISO 15118

  1. Yusuf Ercan ÖZERCAN
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Abstract

The burgeoning adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) globally necessitates a robust and intelligentcharging infrastructure. This article provides a comprehensive review of current and emergingEV charging technologies, focusing on the fundamental distinctions between Alternating Current(AC) and Direct Current (DC) charging, the diverse landscape of global connector standards,and the transformative role of smart charging protocols. Particular emphasis is placed on ISO15118, an international standard enabling advanced functionalities such as Plug & Charge forseamless user authentication and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) communication for bidirectional energyflow. The technical principles, benefits for grid stability and renewable energy integration, andpersistent implementation challenges of these technologies are rigorously analyzed. The reviewconcludes by outlining future trends in wireless charging, artificial intelligence, and batterytechnology, alongside the critical influence of policy and investment, underscoring the complexinterplay of engineering innovation, economic viability, regulatory frameworks, and consumerbehavior in shaping the future of EV charging.

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  1. Version published to 10.31235/osf.io/6fduw_v1 on OSF Preprints