Cognitive modeling using artificial intelligence

Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI) is exciting, but can AI models tell us about thehuman mind? AI models have a long history of being used as theoretical artifacts in cognitivescience, but one key difference in the current generation of models is that they arestimulus-computable, meaning that they can operate over similar stimuli to people. Thisadvance creates important opportunities for deepening our understanding of the human mind.We argue here that the most exciting of these is the use of AI models as cognitive models, inwhich they are trained using human-scale input data and evaluated using careful experimentalprobes. Such cognitive models constitute a substantial advance that can inform theories ofhuman intelligence by helping to explain and predict behavior.