Identifying Psychological Intervention Targets to Promote Hearing Protective Behaviors in Dutch Adolescents and Young Adults

AbstractObjectiveExposure to loud noise can cause hearing loss and tinnitus. Few adolescents and young adults do, however, engage in hearing protective behaviors (HPBs) to reduce their noise exposure. To enable the development of behavioral interventions, the present study aimed to identify influential, modifiable, psychological factors of HPB.DesignAn online survey was used to measure psychological factors and three HPBs (i.e., earplug use, safe listening, hearing protection at work). Psychological factors’ univariate distributions and their associations with the HPBs were assessed to identify their potential as intervention target. Study SamplePersons 12 to 25 years of age that reside in the Netherlands (N=1637, mean age = 18.6, 67.6% female).ResultsLess than one in three participants wore earplugs at music venues, and less than one in two kept a safe level of sound exposure during use of headphones and speakers. Anticipated regret, awareness, experiential attitude, capacity and social norms were the psychological factors most strongly associated with HPBs (r ≈ .45 to r ≈ .65, and d ≈ 0.9 to d ≈ 1.5) that simultaneously, had univariate distributions indicating room for improvement. ConclusionsAnticipated regret, awareness, experiential attitude, capacity and social norms are potentially promising intervention targets to increase HPBs in young persons.