Construction and Validation of the Prosocial Adolescent Risk-taking Questionnaire (PAR-Q)

While negative risk-taking behavior in adolescents is a classic topic, extant research has long spent little attention to the positive aspects of adolescents’ development. One topic that started to gain more research focus is prosocial risk-taking behavior – defined as behavior where an individual takes a risk to help someone else. However, validated measures are still limitedly available. The goal of the study is to construct and validate a multifaceted measure to assess prosocial risk-taking in adolescents. A sample of 234 Dutch adolescents (149 girls) aged 14-17 filled in the unvalidated prosocial adolescent risk-taking questionnaire (PAR-Q) to perform an exploratory factor analysis to indicate initial factor structure. A separate data sample of 357 Dutch adolescents (208 girls) aged 14-17 filled in the PAR-Q to confirm this factor structure with a confirmatory factor analysis and additional questionnaires for convergent validity. In this sample, also test-retest reliability was assessed. The final two-factor structure, which represented Social and Material prosocial risk subscales, exhibited acceptable internal consistency and excellent test-retest reliability. The PAR-Q correlated positively with prosocial behaviors and empathy. The PAR-Q is a newly validated measure with good psychometric properties that can be used to gain more information on prosocial risk-taking, behavior in adolescents.