Consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de 10 a 20 años de edad y su relación con los factores familiares en el contexto latinoamericano desde una revisión sistemática de literatura entre los años 2015 y 2020

Alcohol consumption among adolescents is a global public health problem; as a result, “in Latin America, this situation is proportionally more serious, since not only was alcohol consumption higher than the global average in 2004, but it was also directly linked to at least 347,000 deaths in Latin America.” (WHO, cited in Monteiro, 2013, p. 100). Based on the above, “Colombia, like many Western countries, finds a strong link between leisure activities and social interactions and alcohol consumption, which generally occurs on weekends in recreational and social settings” (Perez et al. 2018). Therefore, this study was conducted through a systematic literature review that facilitated an understanding of the variables of alcohol consumption, family factors, and adolescence; this was made possible by applying scientific theory to the 18 articles identified, which helped answer the research question. Objective: To analyze the relationship between alcohol consumption and family factors among adolescents aged 10 to 20 years in the Latin American context through a literature review covering the years 2015 to 2020, by searching for scientific articles on online search platforms such as Redalyc, Scielo, and Google Scholar. Method: Qualitative, conducted through a systematic review, the purpose of which is to critically evaluate the topic of interest in an orderly, precise, and analytical manner while identifying similarities and inconsistencies in the analyzed literature (Guirao, 2015). Conclusions: It was found that alcohol use among adolescents is linked to family dysfunction, which has been severely compromised because relational dynamics were not adequately maintained during the various stages of the family life cycle due to the alcohol use of one of its members. Thus, it can be said that alcohol consumption is directly related to the family; therefore, the family can become a system that facilitates protective and/or risk factors in the adolescent’s developmental process (Parra, 2020). Keywords: Alcohol Use, Adolescents, Family Factors.