Neuron Power Encoding Model: Generation, Computation and Coding of Neuronal Signals

In the past century, four fundamental questions of neurons were deeply investigated by researchers: (1) What is the biochemical mechanism for action potentials? (2) What is the computational mechanism of neurons? (3) How are input signals related to neural firing rate? (4) What are the mechanisms of neuroplasticity and growth? The researchers simplified neurons as communication functional units and proposed three underlying mechanisms: the HH model, the MP model, and the EC model. This paper will review these models, which respectively reveal the analog mechanism of coding, the logical control mechanism. for triggering the neural code and the signal encoding mechanism. Especially, this paper will focus on the new advancement - EC model, which reveals the quantitative relationship between external signal power and neural firing rate. It establishes the general principle of power coding in neural systems. This new advancement indicted that The core mechanisms of neural communication, neural control, and cognitive components based on energy conversion coding will be revised, upgraded, and reconstructed.