The Significance of a Patient-Centered Approach for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Fostering Empathy, Inclusion, and Holistic Care

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects individuals of all ages and backgrounds, yet misconceptions and stigma continue. Effective healthcare for individuals with ASD requires a patient-centered approach that addresses their unique medical, emotional, and social needs. This study surveyed caregivers of individuals with ASD in Myanmar, gathering insights about their healthcare experiences, communication, and unmet needs. These findings aim to inform strategies to improve care and promote inclusivity in the healthcare system.Objective: This study explores the healthcare experiences of caregivers of individuals with ASD in Myanmar. It identifies challenges in communication, support, and service delivery while highlighting gaps in current care strategies. By examining caregivers' perspectives, the study aims to offer insights that will help shape patient-centered care practices that address the medical, emotional, and social needs of individuals with ASD. The ultimate goal is to promote inclusive, empathetic healthcare that enhances long-term outcomes for both individuals with ASD and their families.Methodology: A survey-based approach was used to collect data from caregivers of individuals with ASD in Myanmar. The survey included structured questions designed to assess caregivers' experiences with healthcare services, communication practices, and the challenges they faced. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to identify trends, while qualitative responses were examined through thematic analysis to uncover recurring patterns and key insights. This mixed-methods approach provided a comprehensive understanding of the caregivers' experiences and highlighted areas for improvement in patient-centered care.Results: The survey revealed several challenges faced by caregivers of individuals with ASD in accessing and navigating healthcare. Quantitative data showed that a majority of respondents reported difficulties with communication between healthcare providers and patients. Many caregivers also expressed concerns about unmet needs related to sensory sensitivities and behavioral issues, which are common in individuals with ASD. The thematic analysis of qualitative responses further highlighted a lack of tailored care, insufficient provider training, and the need for greater caregiver involvement in decision-making. These findings underscore the importance of adopting inclusive, patient-centered care practices that consider both the medical and non-medical aspects of ASD care.Conclusion: Adopting a patient-centered care approach and utilizing the biopsychosocial model can significantly enhance care for individuals with ASD. By addressing the unique health challenges faced by individuals with ASD through empathy, communication, and collaboration, healthcare providers can offer more effective and inclusive treatment. The study highlights the need to better support caregivers and patients by providing tailored care that respects their experiences and individual needs. Additionally, reducing stigma and promoting understanding about ASD are essential for improving long-term health outcomes and the overall quality of life for individuals with ASD. Ultimately, the findings emphasize the importance of fostering an inclusive, compassionate healthcare environment that supports both patients and their families.