Initial indications of generative AI writing in linguistics research publications

Generative AI and large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have transformed many working practices, including scientific writing. However, writing styles between LLMs and scientists have been found to differ, particularly in terms of word frequencies. Using a list of 16 stylistic words that are associated with AI use, we examine k = 26,010 published abstracts in the top 100 journals in linguistics research from 2020 to 2024. A significant rise of 28% in the relative frequency of 12 target words was found exclusively in 2024, suggesting a recent increase in LLM use. In particular, the words delve, enhancing, and pivotal saw significant increased use in 2024. Furthermore, higher-prestige journals exhibited slightly greater AI-associated word frequency. Country-level differences indicated particularly higher AI-word usage in abstracts from China, South Korea, and Iran. While relative word frequencies serve only as a proxy for LLM use, the findings raise crucial questions about transparency, equity, and ethics in academic publishing.