Applying Theory of Constraints in Urban Transport: Case Studies from the Chennai Metro Rail Project

Urban metro rail systems are complex, capital-intensive infrastructure projects that often suffer from delays due to multiple constraints. This paper examines the application of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) to the Chennai Metro Rail Project with a focus on two critical bottlenecks: the Tirumayilai underground station and the tunnelling operation under the Adyar River along the Purple Line. Using project documentation, technical reports, and field implementation data, we analyse how TOC was used to identify and manage system constraints, improve coordination, reduce delays, and minimize costs. The study highlights the effectiveness of TOC in infrastructure project management and presents key insights for broader applications in urban transport projects