Use of Hybrid Bracing Systems in Tall Buildings to Mitigate Earthquake Effects

With the growing construction of tall buildings in seismically active regions, the need for resilient systems to withstand seismic forces has become increasingly important. Bracing systems play a key role in enhancing the stability of structures, but traditional steel braces alone have limitations such as high weight and limited flexibility in responding to sudden seismic loads. This study explores the use of hybrid bracing systems, which combine steel and composite materials, to mitigate seismic effects. These hybrid braces, due to the lightweight and high strength of composite materials alongside the rigidity of steel, can more effectively absorb and dissipate seismic energy.   The research methodology involves numerical modeling using structural simulation software like ABAQUS and ETABS. In these models, the performance of tall buildings with hybrid bracing systems is simulated under various earthquake intensities and compared with structures equipped with traditional bracing systems. Evaluation criteria include inter-story drift, reduction of forces at structural connections, and overall structural stability improvement.   Preliminary results indicate that hybrid bracing systems can significantly reduce seismic forces and minimize structural damage. Additionally, the lightweight nature of composite materials helps reduce the overall weight of the structure, which can lower construction costs. This research offers engineers and designers an innovative solution for improving the stability of tall buildings against seismic forces. This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of the study, including the introduction, importance of the topic, methodology, and expected outcomes.