The potential for carbon dioxide storage in basaltic rocks of southern Brazil: An approach based on favorability analysis

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a critical technology to mitigate climate change by reducing atmospheric CO₂. The Paraná Basin, with its extensive basaltic formations, offers potential for large-scale CO₂ storage. However, determining the most favorable areas for CCS remains challenging due to the complex interplay of geological, geochemical, and logistical factors. This study addresses this gap by developing a favorability map for CO₂ storage in the Serra Geral Group basalts within the Paraná Basin, focusing on the western region of the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP), we integrated multiple criteria, including geological, geochemical, and emissions sources data. Key findings indicate that the northern and eastern areas of the region exhibit the highest favorability for CO₂ storage, driven by optimal porosity-permeability values and proximity to significant CO₂ emitters. This study provides a detailed favorability map highlighting optimal areas for CCS, offering valuable insights for future exploration and investment. The results advance CCS technology in basaltic formations and contribute to climate change mitigation by identifying the most promising sites for effective carbon storage.