Moist Convection and Radiative Cooling: Dynamical Response and Scaling

Moist convection is a fundamental process occurring in the Earth's atmosphere. It plays a central role in the weather and climate of the tropics where, to first order, the heating of the atmosphere by convection is in balance with the cooling of the atmosphere by the emission of radiation to outer space. In this study, we use a Cloud Resolving Model in Radiative-Convective Equilibrium with an imposed constant rate of radiative cooling and study the response of moist convection to varying this rate of radiative cooling. We recover the previously known result that in response to increasing radiative cooling, the area of convection expands rapidly while the intensity of convection does not change. We explore the robustness of this response under varying model parameters and find that this response is due to a combination of moist convective processes and changes in the boundary layer. We also propose a fundamental scaling of the non-dimensional cumulus mass flux in moist convection which is robust across models of different complexity. We aim to bridge the gap between highly idealised prototypes of moist convection such as ``Rainy-Benard convection" introduced by Vallis et. al (2019) and comprehensive cloud-resolving models.