Multidisciplinary Evaluation of the Pyramid-Shaped Formation near Visoko, Bosnia-Herzegovina: A Case for Anthropogenic Construction

This study presents a multidisciplinary investigation of the pyramid-shaped formation known as the Bosnian Pyramid of the Sun (Visočica Hill) located in central Bosnia-Herzegovina. Integrating geodetic, geomorphological, geological, archaeological, electromagnetic, and geometrical data, the analysis examines whether the formation’s distinctive features can be fully explained by natural processes or whether anthropogenic activity may have played a role in its current structure. High-resolution topographic surveys reveal precise orientation of the northern slope toward true north, within ±0° 0′ 12″, comparable to other ancient pyramid structures. Remote sensing and LiDAR data show symmetry and uniformity in slope angles, while archaeological excavation over multiple field seasons has uncovered artificially arranged large blocks composed of breccia, clay binders, and sandstone — exhibiting compressive strength exceeding that of modern concrete. Geophysical measurements detect consistent emissions in the 28–30 kHz range and unusual electromagnetic behavior, especially during lunar events. Geometrical overlays, including Fibonacci spirals and Golden Ratio proportions, further highlight intentional design. These multiple lines of evidence are evaluated in support of the hypothesis that the Bosnian Pyramid of the Sun represents a large-scale, artificially enhanced formation with unknown function, possibly rooted in pre-classical engineering and geospatial knowledge. These observations align with previous findings in comparative spiral geometry research involving both Egyptian and Bosnian pyramids (Osmanagić 2025).