Spatio-temporal accessibility modelling with mobile and GTFS data: Insights from Helsinki

This paper presents a spatially explicit method for evaluating urban accessibility using anonymised mobile phone origin-destination data combined with GTFS-based public transport travel times. Focusing on the Helsinki Capital Region, we apply cumulative and potential accessibility metrics across multiple transport modes to assess spatial and temporal variation in mobility patterns. The integration of mobile phone data with high-resolution transport networks enables the identification of areas with poor public transport accessibility and high car dependency, particularly among affluent populations. By leveraging geospatial methods and time-specific data, this study provides a replicable analytical framework for urban transport planning and supports evidence-based strategies to promote sustainable, multimodal mobility in metropolitan regions.