Astrophysical jets - Escaping the Black hole? Gravity as a collimator and "energy pump"

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Abstract

A hypothesis for how electrons could escape BH in various forms is presented through a thought experiment, primarily for black hole (BH) jets. We suggest thresholds for emission, how it affects the escape velocity of the jets, composition and interpretation at the event horizon. Quantum Theory and General Relativity are combined through a photoelectric like effect. Gravitational acceleration from the mass of the BH causes blue shifted extremely high frequency/energy photons for an isolated BH, contributing to the loss of BH mass, corresponding to changes in general relativity and Stephen Hawking´s predictions. Spin, charge, surface gravity and intensity by surface area are interlinked, also affected by the mass, resulting in output of radiation. An interaction at an area around the Cauchy Horizon, which particles may tunnel to from a more central region, essentially separating from the BH. By analysing the probability of an extremal BH, we suggest the fine structure constant 1/137 may perhaps also represent an extremal BH. Localised BH extremal areas could form in nature at astronomical scales rather than fully, jets as one example. Whereas, at Planck scale or below, fully may be common. The hypothesis suggests that the outward force generated by gravity through the photoelectric effect, paradoxically, may continuously prevent further collapse of BH and, by extension, the formation of a singularity. It also predicts neutrinos and explains why free neutrons decay, at different time scales, while the proton is stable.

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