The spin characteristics of Boson and Fermion in the spin network, using angular momentum addition rules.
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In particle physics, a boson is a subatomic particle whose spin quantum number has an integer value (0, 1, 2, ...). The other being fermions, which have odd half-integer spin (1⁄2, 3⁄2, 5⁄2, ...). In a spin network, they represent matter and introduce discreteness or blocking at nodes. Bosons can allow nodes in the network to connect multiple edges freely. Fermions impose constraints at nodes.