Conflict, memory and positioning. Studying the dialogical and multivoiced dimension of the Basque conflict

This paper aims to bring the dialogical and multivoiced dimension of conflicts to the fore when studying how people remember a particular event in the past. Drawing from different case studies, it analyses how subjects, identified with different political actors in the Basque conflict, adopt their respective positioning and interpretation of the conflict, and how, in light of same, they reconstruct the failed peace process that took place in 2006 between the terrorist group ETA and the Spanish Government. Results show that the positioning adopted by participants gives rise to a certain form ofinterpreting the conflict which, in turn, affects how the peace process is remembered. This occurs within a particular argumentative context in which each version constitutes an implicit response to a competing interpretation of the peacemaking process. However, apart from this dialogical relationship between versions, we can also find an internal dialogicality within certain accounts of the peace process, whereby a dialogue between voices linked to different positions is established. The paper concludes with a discussion on the role of history teaching in promoting a more critical, reflexive and pluralistic way of dealing with memory, and hence with conflicts.