Life-cycle Zero-Power Sensing in Structural Health Monitoring: A Conceptualization

This paper presents a framework that aims to streamline the evaluation process of sensors that can function over the entire life span of a structure with minimal power requirements. These types of sensors, termed life-cycle zero-power, represent a transformative approach to structural health monitoring (SHM). These sensors can be designed to capture and store data on various parameters such as load, stress, strain, shock, vibration, temperature, humidity, and moisture content, providing valuable insights into structural behavior and performance. The proposed framework classifies existing sensors based on five key metrics: measurement sensitivity, memory reset ability, power efficiency, data transfer, and material integration. This work employs a rating approach, rather than ranking, to evaluate diverse sensor technologies from nine prior works across various fields, broadening the scope of discussion for what would make a life-cycle zero-power SHM sensor. By investigating existing sensor technologies in other application fields, the paper offers a comprehensive overview of the potential applications and benefits of a potential life-cycle zero-power sensor in SHM. The framework not only underscores the long-term applications of life-cycle zero-power sensors for early detection and maintenance planning, but also paves the way for future advancements in life-cycle zero-power sensing.