The INSPIRE framework: structured decision making for integrated conservation planning
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We developed a six-step decision-support framework to facilitate effective decision making for the conservation of multiple species and habitats, accounting for ecological dynamics across terrestrial – freshwater – marine realms, and the integration of socio-economic activities. The framework provides also guidance on how to address climate change and other dynamic stressors such as land-use changes and biological invasions, when designing protected areas across realms. It builds on previous efforts and includes common guidelines on how to incorporate multiple management objectives into the planning process, analyze synergies and trade-offs among objectives (e.g., biodiversity conservation and food provisioning), and identify spatial priorities to achieve these objectives simultaneously. Furthermore, actors relevant to each planning stage have been identified providing guidance for enhancing effective management and equitable governance of conservation areas in a broader socio-economic context.
