Determinantes sociales en salud relacionados con la enfermedad de Alzheimer en adultos mayores 2008-2023: Scoping Review

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that interferes with autonomy and independence in daily activities. It is characterized by the continuous decline of memory, learning and cognitive domain. Its irreversible nature, the lack of curative treatment and the burden it represents for the families of patients make it a social problem. Through a systematic exploratory review, in EBSCOhost, Science direct and Ovid, implementing the PRISMA methodology, the social determinants of health related to Alzheimer's disease in older adults are identified from a systematic exploratory review of literature between 2008-2023. 651 records were found, of which 20 were considered eligible for the analysis; predominantly bibliographical and descriptive and analytical observational studies were reviewed. The results showed that the determinants most frequently related to an increased predisposition to the disease are advanced age (40.0%), followed by female sex/gender (35.0%) and the APOE4 gene (35.0%). The social determinants of health most frequently related to a lower predisposition were physical activity (25.0%) and a good support network (20.0%). It was also found that the intermediate determinants, of the total number of determinants, are more described in the literature with 87.2%, with the majority of these being modifiable (72.8%). Therefore, the social determinants of health have a relationship with the disease, so that most can be mitigated under interventions based on a healthy lifestyle.