Belief Rigidity Across Contexts: A Study of Confirmation Bias in Diverse Belief Categories

This study explores how confirmation bias influences belief rigidity across cultural, paranormal, and scientific contexts. Using a within-subjects experimental design, 80 participants were exposed to mixed evidence through controlled interventions and a simulated online search task. The findings showed that cultural and paranormal beliefs tended to resist opposing evidence, whereas scientific beliefs appeared more adaptable and open to change. Weak paranormal beliefs became more rigid post-intervention, whereas weak cultural beliefs showed reduced rigidity. These findings underscore the role of emotional, cognitive, and social factors in shaping belief systems and emphasize the need for tailored strategies to mitigate cognitive biases and promote critical thinking.