Deep Brain Sound Stimulation for 
Borderline Personality Disorder: Precision Auditory Stimulation

Background: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) affects approximately 1.6% of the global population and is characterized by pervasive instability in moods, interpersonal relationships, self-image, and behavior. Traditional treatments, including psychotherapies such as Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), pharmacotherapy with Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), and non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, are effective but often limited by issues of accessibility, cost, adherence, and side effects.Objective: This study assesses the effectiveness and safety of Deep Brain Sound Stimulation (DBSS), a novel non-invasive auditory therapy, based on user-reported outcomes from individuals with BPD.Methods: We analyzed feedback from 270 users who completed DBSS therapy for BPD via the Vital Tones mobile application on the Apple App Store. Additionally, 20 participants provided detailed responses through in-app surveys evaluating symptom improvements in emotional regulation, impulsivity, and interpersonal stability. Descriptive statistics were employed to determine median effectiveness and satisfaction rates.Results: The therapy demonstrated a high user satisfaction rate of 99.26%, with a minimal refund rate of 0.74%. Survey respondents reported a median symptom improvement of 50% (95% CI: 38.79%–61.21%). DBSS was well-tolerated, with no severe side effects reported and only minor adverse effects in a small number of sessions.Conclusion: Preliminary findings indicate that DBSS is a promising non-invasive treatment for BPD, offering significant symptom improvement and high user satisfaction. However, the observational nature of the study, small survey sample, and reliance on self-reported data suggest that further controlled research is necessary to validate these results and establish DBSS's efficacy and safety.