Burden of Diagnosed Diabetes among People With and Without HIV in Uganda: a Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Rakai Community Cohort Study

Results : The study cohort (N = 17,716) had a mean age of 32.8 years (± 12.4) and was 53.7% female. The weighted prevalence was 0.92% for diagnosed diabetes and 16.9% for lab-confirmed HIV. Females had a higher prevalence of both HIV (20.6%, 95% CI: 19.8–21.4) and diabetes (1.14%, 95% CI: 0.95–1.38%) compared to males. Overall, diagnosed diabetes prevalence did not differ significantly by HIV serostatus (HIV-positive: 0.93%, 95% CI: 0.78–1.08%; HIV-negative: 0.92%, 95% CI: 0.65%-1.32%). After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), household-based socio-economic status, and community type, HIV serostatus was not associated with diagnosed diabetes (aPR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.50–1.13, p = 0.17), even after stratification by sex or community type. Significant independent risk factors for diagnosed diabetes included older age, higher BMI, higher socioeconomic status, and residence in a fishing community.