Glucose metabolism of camel reveals differences in glucose adaptation modes in different tissues

Introduction: Camels have the physiological characteristics of high blood sugar. If the blood glucose concentration of humans is comparable to that of camels, humans will suffer cell damage due to sugar intolerance. Aims: This study aims to study the mechanism of camel sugar tolerance in multiple tissues. Materials and Methods: We applied RNA-seq and protein mass spectrometry to five tissue types. Results: We found that there are obvious differences in the expression profiles of different organs. The analysis showed that the glucokinase ( GCK) is not expressed in the liver for self-protection. The lack of an antioxidant (blood uric acid) in the blood of camel is due to the absence of expression of solute carrier family 2 member 9 (GLUT9) in the kidney, whereas the expression of secreted antioxidant proteins in the renal cortex is an alternative route to the loss of blood uric acid. Heat shock protein is the protective protein in both the renal cortex and the muscle. Low expression of transporters reduces sugar intake and protects pancreatic cells. Conclusions: This study clarifies the gene expression mechanism of sugar tolerance in different tissues of camel and provides a reference for human sugar intolerance research.