Predicting the Quality of Life among Older people in Jordan: A cross-sectional Study

Background The global increase in the aging population has highlighted the importance of maintaining quality of life (QOL) among older adults. In Jordan, limited evidence exists regarding the determinants of QOL and the role of knowledge about aging in influencing well-being among the elderly. This study aimed to assess the physical, psychological, and social dimensions of QOL among older adults in Jordan and to examine the association between knowledge about aging and QOL, as well as identify key predictors of QOL. Methods A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 130 older adults aged ≥ 60 years attending healthcare centres in Amman, Jordan. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews and included demographic characteristics, the Facts on Aging Quiz to assess knowledge about aging, and the Older People’s Quality of Life Questionnaire (OPQOL). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participant characteristics. Independent sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were conducted to assess differences in QOL scores across groups. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of QOL. Results The mean overall QOL score was 3.52 (SD = 0.47), indicating a moderate level of perceived quality of life. The mean knowledge score about aging was 21.03 (SD = 3.49), reflecting a moderate level of knowledge. Significant differences in QOL were observed across age groups, educational levels, marital status, and health status (p < 0.05). Older participants (≥ 70 years) reported significantly lower QOL scores compared to younger participants. In multivariable regression analysis, educational attainment was the only significant predictor of QOL, with lower levels of education associated with poorer QOL (p < 0.01). Conclusions Older adults in Jordan experience a moderate level of quality of life, influenced primarily by educational attainment. These findings highlight the importance of educational and health awareness interventions to improve well-being among the elderly population. Policymakers and healthcare providers should consider targeted strategies to enhance health literacy and support vulnerable groups to promote healthy aging.