Cancer, Culture, and Society: Gendered and Social Influences on Cancer Prevention and Care in the Caribbean

Background Cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Caribbean despite the existence of regional frameworks and national cancer control plans. While much of the existing literature emphasises health systems, service delivery, and epidemiological trends, comparatively little attention has been paid to the cultural and social contexts that shape cancer prevention and care. Objective This study explores the influence of cultural beliefs, gender norms, and social structures on cancer prevention practices, screening behaviours, and care-seeking pathways across Caribbean societies. Methods This study critically reviewed regional policy documents and scholarly articles. It used perspectives from the social and behavioural sciences to examine how culture and gender affect cancer-related health behaviours in the Caribbean. Results The findings suggest that cultural perceptions of cancer, coupled with gendered expectations, societal stigma, and a preference for informal support networks, significantly shape individuals' screening behaviours, the timing of their diagnoses, and their utilisation of formal healthcare provisions. These social influences frequently intersect with structural barriers, limiting the effectiveness of existing strategies for cancer control. Conclusion Incorporating culturally grounded and gender-sensitive approaches to cancer prevention and care is essential for improving outcomes in the Caribbean. Cancer control policies that overlook the social context risk reinforcing existing inequities in access, utilisation, and early detection.