Surface Functionalization and Interfacial Chemistry in PVDF/BaTiO₃/Graphene Nanocomposites for Enhanced Dielectric Performance
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The development of high performing polymer nanocomposites with tailored dielectric properties requires precise control over interfacial chemistry and filler dispersion. In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) based hybrid nanocomposites incorporating surface-functionalized barium titanate (BaTiO₃) nanoparticles and carboxyl-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were synthesized via a controlled solution casting technique. BaTiO₃ nanoparticles of 85 nm average diameter were functionalized using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), while graphene oxide was reduced and chemically modified to introduce –COOH groups, enhancing interfacial compatibility with the PVDF matrix. The optimized nanocomposite containing 20 wt% BaTiO₃ and 2 wt% rGO exhibited a dielectric constant of 71.3 at 1 kHz, compared to 10.2 for pristine PVDF, with a low dielectric loss of 0.041. Detailed structural, morphological, and spectroscopic characterization confirmed that strong interfacial interactions and improved dispersion contributed to enhanced interfacial polarization and dielectric response. This work demonstrates the critical role of interfacial chemistry in designing advanced dielectric nanocomposites.
