Comprehensive Analysis of Platelet Indices Variability in Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Implications for Clinical Evaluation and Management

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with significant vascular complications. Platelet activation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of these complications. Mean platelet volume (MPV) has emerged as a potential marker of platelet activity and thrombotic risk. Objective: To evaluate the role of platelet indices, particularly MPV, in relation to glycemic control and diabetic complications in patients with type 2 DM. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 110 patients with type 2 DM. Clinical parameters and biochemical markers, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and MPV, were analyzed. Correlations between platelet indices, glycemic status, and complications were assessed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: MPV levels were significantly higher in patients with poor glycemic control and showed a strong positive correlation with HbA1c and FBG. Elevated MPV values were also observed in patients with microvascular complications such as retinopathy and proteinuria. No significant association was found between MPV and age or gender, while higher MPV levels were noted in patients with increased BMI and hypertension. Conclusion: MPV may serve as a simple, cost-effective biomarker for assessing platelet activation and identifying patients at increased risk of vascular complications in type 2 DM. Routine evaluation of platelet indices could aid in early risk stratification and management. Further large-scale studies are required to confirm these findings.