The combined effects of essential oils and antagonistic microbes in preventing potato stem canker brought on by Rhizoctonia solani
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Background and Objective : Although potatoes ( Solanum tuberosum L.) are a major vegetable crop globally, soil-borne diseases, particularly stem canker caused by Rhizoctonia solani (PX724186), significantly reduce yields. The disease causes large yield losses by lowering tuber development, plant vigor, and seed germination. To reduce R. solani and increase potato productivity in greenhouse and field settings, this study sought to assess environmentally friendly biological and botanical methods. Materials and Methods : The 2025 growing season in Al-Shatiba, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia, was used for the experiments. The antagonistic activity of four Trichoderma species Trichoderma harzianum (PZ014348), Trichoderma koningii (PZ014349), Trichoderma hamatum (PZ053823) and Trichoderma viride (PZ053822), against R. solani was evaluated. Three essential oil garlic, ginger, and black seed were also assessed and contrasted with a commercial fungicide. The following parameters were noted and statistically examined: disease incidence, severity, plant growth, and yield. Results showed that all the Trichoderma species studied considerably reduced the growth of the pathogen in vitro. T. koningii followed by T. harzianum had most potent outcomes, whereas T. viride experienced the least amount of impact. Essential oils, especially garlic oil, disclosed outstanding antifungal action along with greatly reduced the prevalence alongside severity of disease. Biochemical alongside medicinal products in greenhouses and labs enhanced plant health and tuber output. They also control diseases as well as pesticides. Conclusion : The integration of Trichoderma species alongside vital oils smoothly eradicated stem canker, bettering vegetable well-being as well rising potato yield. These results lend credence to their potential as environmentally safe and sustainable substitutes for synthetic fungicides in the control of potato diseases.
