The Enzyme Function and Application Analysis of A Cellulose-degrading Bacterium RA Based on Genomic Analysis

This study identifies the multi-enzyme system of a cellulose-degrading Bacillus safensis strain RA through screening and biological characterization. Genomic analysis revealed that the strain harbors both cellulase and pectinase genes. Optimal cellulase production (26.57 ± 0.46 U/mL) was achieved with 10 g/L CMC-Na, 4 g/L peptone, 2.0% (v/v) inoculum, 40°C, pH 7.7, and 3.25 days, while optimal pectinase activity (76.36 ± 2.23 U/mL) was obtained after 3 days at 40°C and pH 5. Functional studies showed that filter paper strips began to break within 5 hours of inoculation and fragmented into small pieces by 36 hours. In juice clarification, the optimal conditions for apple juice were 20% crude enzyme, 50°C, and 1 hour (27.69% clarification), and for orange juice, 30% crude enzyme, 40°C, and 3 hours (39.7% clarification). This strain shows potential as a compound biological agent for dual-enzyme applications. The study highlights the utility of genomic techniques in analyzing multifunctional enzymes, overcoming the “single-function orientation” in genomic research and providing insights for low-cost industrial enzyme production.